considerable challenge to the ancient consensus. Most scholars now agree that the John of Revelation is neither the author of the Fourth Gospel nor the Apostle John. We agree with this conclusion (although the evidence on both sides of the issue remains inconclusive). The internal reasons seem clear and persuasive: (1) the John of Revelation does not identify himself as the apostle, but as a “servant” of Jesus Christ (1:1). (2) His vocation and the authority of his composition derive more from his